The New Critics

Literature’s New Critics “weren’t the first to theorize about literature, but they were the first to establish theory as a distinct practice in the humanities. Like the theorists who came after, they regarded texts as dense and multilayered, and scorned interpretations that overlooked the figurative and formal aspects of the work. On the other hand, the New Critics erected disciplinary walls, while the theorists who followed knocked them down.”

The History Of All That

In the 1880s, the writing of history was professionalized, “committed to supposedly ‘scientific’ standards of evidence and proof; largely university-based, and (by the 1950s), with the PhD as the near-universally required qualification for its would-be practitioners. The new professionals tended to look rather patronisingly on their non-professional forebears. In fact, they tended to regard them as hardly proper historians at all.”

Hard Times For Books

“The delivery of the content of a book in different forms and formats is making people nervous,” he said, not quite uttering the name ‘Kindle.’ So we’re trying to publish in a lot of different formats because we don’t know where the readers are going to be. A lot of us in the publishing industry started out when we still used carbon paper and manual typewriters.”