The wood used by the old master Italian violin makers was special – the product of a mini ice age in Europe. “Trees grow slower in colder weather, producing denser wood for that season. So, narrower tree rings grow in cold weather than rings grown in warmer seasons. Narrow tree rings would not only strengthen the violin but would increase the wood’s density, the researchers said. The change in climate therefore made a difference to the violins’ tone and brilliance, they said.”