Category: visual

“Jordanian customs authorities have seized 42 paintings believed to have been looted from Iraq’s National Museum, government officials said Saturday.”

Was the extent of the looting of the National Museum in Baghdad overstated? “Thanks to Iraqi preparations before the war, it seems the worst has been avoided. Donny George, the director-general of restoration at the Iraqi Antiquities Department, Wednesday said his staff had preserved the museum’s most important treasures, including the kings’ graves of Ur and the Assyrian bulls. These objects were hidden in vaults that haven’t been violated by looters. Most of the things were removed. ‘We knew a war was coming, so it was our duty to protect everything. We thought there would be some sort of bombing at the museum. We never thought it could be looted’.”

The National Mall in Washington DC is one of America’s most important public spaces. And space is the key, writes Christopher Knight. But Congress seems intent on cluttering it up with ever more memorials and tributes, which will certainly ruin a grand place. “Approved or proposed Mall additions now include memorials to President Reagan, Martin Luther King Jr., terrorist victims, Native Americans and soldiers lost in peacekeeping missions. Then there’s the network of tunnels, underground security checkpoints and surveillance cameras newly suggested for the Washington Monument. Like other burgeoning examples of a post-Sept. 11 ‘architecture of fear,’ these schemes would destroy the monument in order to save it.”

Before the war on Iraq, warnings were sent to the Britsh and American governments about protecting Iraq’s cultural treasures. “They were completely ignored by the British government, who failed to acknowledge letters sent to them. That was unspeakably terrible. But meetings did take place with the Pentagon, who were given lists of endangered sites. They made contact with some of the appropriate experts, and assurances were given. But I think they were not prepared for what happened in Baghdad – for any of it. The looting of hospitals, for instance – just the scale of it all. I don’t think anybody foresaw that there would be a disaster on this scale. The letters that were written were not very specific. They probably did not mention possible looting in the Iraq National Museum in Baghdad. It hadn’t crossed my mind that that would even be possible.”

Surrealist André Breton’s personal art collection has been sold at auction. It brought in €46m (£31.8m), twice the pre-sale estimate. “The auctions, which went on late into the night to accommodate telephone bidders from the US, were disturbed by opponents of the state’s refusal to buy Breton’s rented flat near Pigalle, in the north of Paris, where the surrealist manifesto was drawn up in 1924.”

“In light of the atrocities committed against the Iraqi people and other unfortunates over the past 30 years, it is undoubtedly beside the point to criticize Saddam Hussein for his aesthetics. Still, one of the more tantalizing discoveries of the last few days, as we peel back the onion layers of his regime, has been the revelation of the dictator’s taste is art…”

“Three White House cultural advisers have resigned in protest at the failure of US forces to prevent the looting of Iraq’s national museum.” The advisers were all members of the President’s Advisory Committee on Cultural Property. The three advisers had sharp words for the Bush administration’s failure to have in place any sort of contingency plan for dealing with such foreseeable problems, and committee chair Martin Sullivan, who is one of those resigning, added that the looting was doubly preventable, since the United States was the nation in control of the timetable of the war. “In a pre-emptive war that’s the kind of thing you should have planned for,” he said.

“Let’s be serious. Is anybody really surprised that Baghdad’s great civic art museum didn’t rate a measly tank? That the treasures of ancient Mesopotamia sat unguarded and exposed, ripe for the picking by local scavengers either amateur or professional? The horrendous event was not, after all, a dire outcome of ‘the fog of war.’ It was instead a routine example of the fog of the Bush administration, when it comes to matters cultural.”

The looting of Baghdad’s National Museum of Antiquities was no mere grab-and-go act by a desperate citizenry. According to UNESCO, the vast majority of the museum thefts were perpetrated by professional art thieves who knew exactly what to take, and where to find it. “Museum officials in Baghdad told UNESCO that one group of thieves had keys to an underground vault where the most valuable artifacts were stored. The thefts were probably the work of international gangs who hired Iraqis for the job, and who have been active in recent years doing illegal excavations at Iraqi archaeological digs.”

Although Americans may find it convenient to think of the Middle East as a land of barbaric, uncultured souls prone to unstoppable violence, the recent horrific and systematic destruction of Iraq’s cultural firmament points up how wrong these misconceptions truly are. When Baghdad’s central library burned to the ground last week, centuries of irreplacable cultural scholarship were lost to the world. Iraq has always taken great pride in its culture and its history, and has catalogued both with a meticulousness which ‘cultured’ Americans have never matched. “Since 1967, the country has had stringent laws preventing the export of antiquities. One of the saddest ironies of the destruction is that Iraq’s defense of its cultural heritage was considered a model for the region.”